Geological sampler



Oct. 29, 192.9. NISHIQ 1,733,312

GEOLOGICAL SAMPLER Filed April 15, 1925 Fi .1 mi fl.

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Ivy/6 11b?" N. N mhw Patented Oct. 29, 1929 PATENT OFFICE KEIJ'IRO NISHIO, F TOKYO, JAPAN GEOLOGICAL SAMPLER Application filed April 15, 1925, Serial No. 23,410, and in Japan April 16, 1924.

This invention relates to a geological sam-' pler having an inner and an outer tube in -which the former is axially halved and able to be readily put into the latter or taken apart therefrom in closed form, both tubes being pressed into the ground or pulled out therefrom without being separated.

The object of the invention is to obtain a sample of continuous geological formation without disorder or deformation by halving the inner tube, so that the investigation of the strata can be accurately performed.

In the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of one embodiment,

Fig. 2 is a cross sectional View on the line AB thereof,

. Fig. 3 is a similar view on the line CD thereof, i

n Fig. 4 is an elevation of a second embodiment partly in section,

Fig. 5 is a cross sectional view on the line EF thereof,

Fig. 6 is a longitudinal sectional elevation showing the application of the invention,

Fig. 7 is a cross section on the line GH thereof,

Fig. 8 is an end view of a samplin inner tube, one half ofwhich is removed after being taken out from an outer tube, and

Fig. 9 is'a side elevation thereof.

Like numerals refer to like parts in the drawings. I

The invention is fully described referring to a few embodiments as follows:

The first embodiment shown in Fig. 1 consists of a head piece a which is provided with threads at its reduced portion 1 adapted for connection of a pressing in and taking out de- 40 Vice of any convenient form, said device being positioned at an upper level. The head pieceis provided with threads at another reduoed portion 2 which is further extensioned at 3 to form a flange portion having an annular groove 3.. v'Said groove is adapted for re ceiving a reduced end of axially halved inner tubes C C, havin serrations 6 at its extreme 1 D end. An outer tube Z) having a flared portion 4 is, after the inner tubes are attached to the head piece, to be screwed in the thread por- In the second embodiment shown in Fig. 2,

the head pieoea is provided with a similar extension 1, however, lower extension 2 is rigidly attached to a sampling outer tube 72 by means of a transverse bolt 7. Sampling inner tubes C C are axially halved in the outer tube and the extreme ends of the two tubes are coincided. On the lower end of the outer tube Z2, a foot piece d is attached by means of threads 9, said foot piece being flared in a conical form from 10 where the foot piece is engaged with the inner tube. Therefore the inner tubes G G can readily be taken out in closed form by removing the foot piece.

The manner of application of the samplers is'the same in each case shown in Fig. l or Fig. 2. A leading pipe 6 is driven into the ground and inlthis pipe the sampler (outer tube b and inner tubes C C in closed form) is inserted. The sampler is driven into the ground by any convenient means as shown in Fig. 6 to'a desired point where the outer and inner tubes 6 C G with the head piece a are pulled out from the ground. The inner tubes 0, C are removed in closed form from the outer tube 1). One half, say, C of the inner tubes is laid down horizontally and then another half is upwardly removed. (See Figs. 8 and 9.) 4

In this case, the sample in the inner tubes 0, C is more or less compressed so that it is usually of less thickness than the actual thickness of the formation. Errors should be corrected by the following calculation. Then an accurate result may be obtained.

then,

For example, assume S =thickness of sample to obtain, P =thickness of the earth to fall down from the end of the sampler, D =depth of well at beginning of each drilling operation, D=depth of well at finishing of each drilling operation, S actual thickness of'sample, then, S=D-D-P. Assume, r =modulus of restratification S! r s Therefore, by multiplying this modulus by every portion of sample, actual thickness can be obtained.

The sample does not readily fall down because it is compressed by a device of conical flare.

The invention is particularly adapted for obtaining a sample in slushy or loose earth crust, where a diamond or steel shot boring machine may not be used.

I claim:

In a geological sampler, inner and outer tubes, the inner tube being divided longitudinally and composed of two separable parts, an annular cutting edge at one end of the outer tube adapted to penetrate the earth, an internal shoulder constituting an abutment for one end of the two-part inner tube, a member threaded in the outer tube and having a reduced portion extending within and spaced from the wall of the outer tube and provided with an annular groove, and inwardly directed flanges on the parts of the inner tube engaging said groove whereby the inner tube may be Withdrawn from the outer tube upon axial displacement of said member with respect to the outer tube, said means permitting the separation of the parts of the inner tube subsequent to removal of the latter from the outer tube.

In testimony whereof he affixes his signature.

KEIJIRO NISI-IIO. 

